Mass media and child labour Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 11250 words

Broad communications and kid work - Essay Example The general picture that rises up out of the writing on the two points was that kid work is an undeniable issue and that the media has the ability to help out annihilate its most exceedingly terrible types. Along these lines, the target of this paper was to analyze how much the broad communications as a specialized apparatus impact society’s discernment on organizations engaged with kid work. This was finished by utilizing subjective exploration strategies as six individual top to bottom meetings and two center gatherings comprised of three youngsters in each. The motivation behind which to answer the more profound, all the more testing inquiries of; (1) If media introduction to the issue of youngster work impacts the public’s assessment on the organizations in question; (2) What industry has the most elevated perceivability in the media and (3) Is it critical to buyers whether an organization rehearses Corporate Social Responsibility. The finding uncovered that media introduction to the issue of kid work did in reality impact how they saw the organizations that were being named. Besides, that the business that the respondents saw as being increasingly obvious in the media was that of retail. Ultimately, it was critical to them for organizations to act morally. The ramifications of this exposition is that it uncovers the little force one individual has on affecting the acts of an organization as regardless of the sympathy that one feels elective picks are not promptly accessible. In any case, this exposition for organizations should stress them as a similar manner by which uproars broke out after Primark’s outrage was communicated the equivalent could go with the same pattern. In any case, this exposition goes further to show organizations that it need not be hard or costly to execute best practice methodology to guarantee that no place in their gracefully chain is an organization that is related with kid work. Corporate correspondence includes a number

50 of the Most Powerful Quotes From Literature - Infographic

50 of the Most Powerful Quotes From Literature Remove a note from these writers' books and find this assortment of fifty of the most remarkable statements from writing. This assortment of statements gives a brief look into probably the most appalling, sentimental, tragic and uplifting stories at any point told on paper. These statements are as yet being referenced today in film, TV and theater adjustments too. These acclaimed scholarly statements have been put into a fun and eye-getting infographic, planned by us here at Essay Writing Service UK. You can hope to see some exemplary scholarly statements from any semblance of Pride and Prejudice, Great Expectations, Of Mice and Men, Wuthering Heights and The Great Gatsby. There are additionally progressively contemporary abstract statements from any semblance of Harry Potter, Game of Thrones, The Hunger Games, The Notebook and P.S I Love You. Did you realize that Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone was first distributed in 1997, Wuthering Heights in 1847, and To Kill a Mockingbird in 1960? Did you additionally realize that the Game of Thrones TV arrangement was adjusted from a progression of books by George R.R. Martin? These fifty ground-breaking cites have made the cut for their intelligence, scholarly magnificence, vital tone, and just by making the peruser stop, think and question their own lives. We've chosen not to incorporate any William Shakespeare cites on this event, as he has another blog devoted to fifty of his own special statements, which you can peruse here. Regardless of whether you're in training, dialects, theater, or an enthusiastic peruser or author searching for some artistic motivation, look at fifty of the most remarkable statements from writing in the underneath infographic and find your top picks. On the off chance that you like the infographic, if you don't mind don't hesitate to share the infographic with your own perusers to appreciate or impart to your companions as well!Share this Image On Your Site pstrongPlease incorporate attribution to with this realistic./strongbr/br/a href='https://essaywritingserviceuk.co.uk/blog/50-most-remarkable statements writing/'img src='https://essaywritingserviceuk.co.uk/wp-content/transfers/2017/06/incredible statements writing infographic.png' alt='50 Powerful Quotes From Literature' width='981px' border='0'/a/p Sources https://www.theguardian.com/books/booksblog/2015/jun/15/most-featured statements round of-seats books-uncovered https://www.buzzfeed.com/jenniferschaffer/I-am-I-am-I-am https://www.bustle.com/articles/121359-25-of-the-best-book-cites ever http://www.stylist.co.uk/books/most-remarkable book-cites ever http://www.shortlist.com/diversion/books/the-40-most-remarkable scholarly statements https://ebookfriendly.com/most-rousing book-cites/ https://quotecatalog.com/u/chrislavergne/2016/07/excellent sentences-from-the-best-books ever cites writing

Sodium (Na) :: Science Chemistry

Sodium (Na) Sodium has a nuclear number of 11 and a mass of about 23g. It is a shimmering white-metallic component characterized under the soluble base metals. Sodium has been known since early occasions and was utilized by the individuals of Mesopotamia and Egypt to make glasses. Sodium is the 6th most regular component found on the earth. It is normally not found in nature yet more regularly in mixes, for example, salt (NaCl). Sodium conducts warmth and power without any problem. Without this component life couldn't exist. Each compound is utilized for a specific explanation. About 2.8 percent of the world's outside layer contains this component making it the 6th generally normal in the world's hull. Sodium is found in mixes among dry lake beds, underground, and just as in seawater in such places as: Belarus, China, France, Germany, India, Russia, Ukraine, United Kingdom, and the United States. Sodium is a very artificially dynamic component. Whenever joined with water it will in general respond vivaciously. For instance . Since, sodium is such a perilous component it must be maneuvered carefully and put away hermetically sealed importance without oxygen. Sodium was first removed into unadulterated structure in 1807 by an English physicist known as Sir Humphry Davy. He utilized the procedure of electrolysis where an electrical flow is gone through a liquid sodium compound, for example, sodium chloride, sodium was first extricated into its unadulterated structure. Numerous producers today despite everything use power to acquire sodium. Sodium is still prof oundly made for some mechanical and business employments. Sodium has business utilizes just as mechanical employments. From cleansers to composts, sodium is utilized to make water conditioners, materials, and is utilized just as to assuage stomach corrosive, sodium bicarbonate: a white crystalline pitifully antacid salt NaHCO 3 utilized particularly in preparing 1 powders, fire dousers, and medication. (Definition from Structure and Matter, Glossary) Picture takers use sodium thiosulphate: a hygroscopic crystalline salt Na 2 S 2 O 3 utilized particularly as a fixing specialist (Definition from Structure and Matter, Glossary)and a lessening or fading operator to fix photographic pictures on paper. Sodium in its unadulterated structure additionally has mechanical uses, for example, in impetus which help in making engineered elastic. Sodium is joined with different metals to deliver titanium zirconium and numerous different synthetic compounds. It is utilized in the production of tetraethyl lead and some force plants even use it in fluid structure to cool atomic reactors.

Surreys Innovations and Achievements in His Aeneid - Literature Essay Samples

Elizabeth SmithProfessor Colin DickeyEng 64022 October, 2006Surreys Innovations and Achievements in His Aeneid Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, is credited as the inventor of English blank verse. In addition to this, he translated books II and IV of Virgils1 Latin epic the Aeneid. This paper will endeavor to show what an accomplishment this was for a poet of the age of King Henry VIII, and how different and modern blank verse, and the work of translation that was couched in that blank verse, was from the rest of the poetry of the time.Much has been written in past centuries about the quality of Surreys poetry. Until the 20th century, Surrey was considered a better poet than his near-contemporary, (though Wyatt was older, and outlived him) Sir Thomas Wyatt (Schmidt 125). Surreys reputation has slipped considerably, and his style of poetry, considered conventional and not always coherent, is now said to please rather than move us (125). His Aeneid, however, is considered subtly con ceived and executed with exemplary plainness, a verse direct and transparent, displaying its matter rather than its manner, (128) but it is also said that it only makes a fair attempt to imitate the style of the original. Its form is one at that time unique in English literature and probably difficult for an English poet to manipulate (Ridley, 3). Let us consider firstly the scope of achievement of the Earl3, at a time when he was occupied not only with court duties but also various military campaigns, and also considering the brevity of his life, and then consider the merits of his production, especially in regard to the other poetry in circulation at the time. The date of the translation of the two books of Virgil2 is put by Ridley around 1540 (Ridley, 4), when the poet could have been no more than 24 years old (the exact day in 1517 of his birth is not known, nor is that year beyond question, [Casady 21]). He was, at this time, made a steward of the University of Cambridge (R idley 4), and had been and would continue to go on military expeditions for the King in France, in his capacity as Earl Marshal of England. This young man, who was considered a gifted linguist, knew and could translate Italian, Spanish, Latin, and French well (Bender, 180). He made at least one trip to France, (besides his various military ventures in that country) where he came into contact with (and had probably read before, in England) Italian unrhymed verses. In 1532, Surrey visited the court of Francis I while Luigi Alamanni was there, and Alamanni in that very year published a work dedicated to the French king, containing poems in blank verse. (Ridley 3). So Surrey was aware of Italian unrhymed verses, and was known to admire the five-foot line of Chaucer (Bullett viii). This he synthesized into an unrhymed, five-foot line that came to be known as blank verse. About this invention, Sir Harris Nicolas (the memoirist of the un-authored Poetical Works) quotes the even earli er biographer of Surrey, Dr. Nott:Surrey perceived that some change in our [that is, English] versification was unavoidable, and he attempted a change, which was conceived as the event has proved in a perfect knowledge of the nature and genius of the English language. The change he proposed and effected was this. He substituted for the old rhythmical mode of versification one, as nearly metrical as the nature of any language, which regulates the value of syllables by accent, and not by quantity, will allow. He limited the heroic verse to ten syllables, and these he divided into five equal Iambic feet; for he perceived that the frequent return of the short syllable was necessary to correct that languor and ponderosity which the constant recurrence of monosyllables would otherwise occasion. He was aware, however, that the Iambic measure, though sweet in itself, was liable to become monotonous and pall upon the ear. He therefore introduced the further refinement of breaking the li nes with pauses. The natural place for the pause was at the end of the fourth syllable where the old caesura generally fell; but he varied the situation of his pauses as he found the harmony of the verse required, or as he thought the beauty and effect of the passage would be heightened by it. (Poetical Works lxvi-lxvii, brackets mine)Its difficult to imagine how this sort of leap of poetic invention could have occurred. The reading of blank verse in Italian, and the knowledge and admiration of Chaucers five-foot line, do not necessarily lead to the logical inevitability of turning these two things into an iambic pentameter unrhymed English line used for translating classical epic poetry. And there isnt any doubt that Surrey was the inventor of this English poetic form (Ridley 1). When he attempted blank verse he had no guide whatever, as far as we have yet been able to discover, but his own judgment and taste. (Poetical Works lxix). It was certainly an important, a bold, and a very valuable (to English poetry) step for the young Surrey to introduce this form into English, for not only was it adopted and used by such great poets as Shakespeare and Milton with great success (Bullett vii), but also it is important to note how little innovation, until the invention of free verse, came after the introduction of blank verse. An attentive reader will be surprised to find how little was added afterwards by even Dryden or Pope to the system and perfectness of Surreys numbers(Poetical Works lxviii). Blank verse became so important and long-lasting that Soon after blank verse was introduced by the Earl of Surrey in his translation of Books 2 and 4 of Virgils The Aeneid it became the standard meter for Elizabethan and later poetic drama; a free form of blank verse remained the medium in such twentieth-century verse plays as those by Maxwell Anderson and T. S. Eliot (Abrams, 25).And the translation that Surrey undertook was by no means an easy one. The classical L atin of Virgil was difficult, and in many ways very different from the scholarly and Church Latin used in Tudor England. In addition, Virgil was perhaps the greatest of the Latin poets, and his complete mastery of the concise and almost endlessly suggestive Latin language would be difficult to translate accurately at all, much less into beautiful verse. Ridley maintains that Surrey was not quite up to the job, but made a valiant try. The failure of Surrey is understandable enough. A young minor poet was trying to accomplish with a new form and an immature language what one of the greatest of all poets had accomplished at the height of his power, employing a seasoned mode of expression and a language that lent itself naturally to poetic ambiguity, echo, and nuance. Surrey could and did achieve a degree of epic dignity, [and] measured firmness of statement (Ridley, 36).Surrey was certainly ambitious, and took a major poem, that had not been yet translated into English (there was a complete version by Gawin Douglas4 in the Scots dialect, written some years before and widely circulated, [Ridley 14]) and attempted to put it into a new verse style that was in keeping with the dignity and heroic theme of the poem. Was this ambition justified? If he had been able to complete the entire epic, and if the quality of the work was similar to our examples of Books II and IV, then the ambition would certainly have been attained. It is not known if it would ever have been finished, even if Surrey had lived, since there is no extant manuscript (see Notes) of any more of a translation of Virgils poem. It may be speculated that if Surrey had lived more than his 29-30 (it is not known exactly, see above, p. 2) years he might well have completed the entire epic. There is no evidence as to his intentions. The fragments that we possess give us an enticing look at a brand-new form of English poetry, however, and they stand out among the other old-fashioned verses of the day , which can seem dated, awkward, and needlessly rigid by comparison.Take, for example, the end of book II. Aeneas, having been left Creusas (his wifes) ghost, perceives that the Greeks are at the gates of the city of Troy. The verse is regular and musical, and the subject matter is dealt with affectingly:This having said she left me all in tears, 5And minding much to speak; but she was gone, 5And subtly fled into the weightless air. [-to is weak and could be read as unstressed] 4 or 5Thrice raught I with mine arms t accoll her neck, [embrace] 5Thrice did my hands vain hold th image escape, 5Like nimble winds, and like the flying dream. 5So night spent out, return I to my feres. [to is weak and could be read as unstressed] 4 or 5And there wondring I find together swarmed 5A new number of mates, mothers and men, 5A rout exiled, a wretched multitude, 5 [could be read exiled, this does not affect the number of feet, but gives a nice minor irregularity to the line]From each w here flocked together, prest to pass, 5With heart and goods, to whatsoever land 5By sliding seas me listed them to lead. 5And now rose Lucifer above the ridge 4Of lusty Ida, and brought the dawning light. 5The Greeks held thentries of the gates beset; [of is weak and could be read as unstressed] 4 or 5Of help there was no hope. Then gave I place, Took up my sire, and hasted to the hill. [to is weak and could be read as unstressed] 4 or 5 (Bender 251-252)Each line, without exception, can be read with five feet. This is an extraordinary stretch of regularity for a minor poet, and one doing pioneer work (Ridley, 34) especially since the subject matter is at the same time both intelligible and suggestive. It is the slight irregularities, or suggested irregularities, which give interest to the lines. The fact that the fourth line has a weak syllable that can be swallowed to make a shorter line, gives illustration to the subject (Creusa) dissolving into thin air. The shorter l ine is used for a different reason, to give emphasis and weight to the eleventh line, when Lucifer makes his appearance. It cant be assumed, I believe, that Surrey meant to have two stresses within the name of Lucifer. It is true that the last syllable is stronger than the middle one, but it is not as strong as the first syllable. The name, pronounced in English, is dominated by the first syllable, and to read it as Lucifer makes the line sing-songy and belies its stark subject matter.Similar to line four, line thirteen The Greeks held thentries of the gates beset has a weak stress on the of, perhaps evoking the sense of panic and uncertainty that this revelation would excite in the discoverer. But the speaker reverses his uncertainty with the regular fourteenth line, Of help there was no hope. The natural but regular beat shows, perhaps, the speakers resolution that there was no hope. There is a certain comfort, it has been noted, in owning up to the hopelessness of a cause, when all is lost. Perhaps Aeneas is voicing this cold comfort here. The weak to in the final line, gives us an idea of Aeneas leaving taking off on his horse to the hill and perhaps leaving the trail of his words behind him. The passage is at once affecting and exciting. The image of Creusa leaving, and the anaphora of Thrice (the first syllable of the line stressed, also, which is different than the preceding and succeeding lines) as Aeneas tries to catch her, is dramatic and moving. Then the rapid and concise movement to the description of the mates, mothers and men (which could be read either as people of Troy, or of a personification of Aeneas crowding feres, and no doubt Virgils Latin contains this richness of meaning), with the equally rapid finality of the Greeks at the gate and there being no hope, leaves the reader a bit breathless. It is compact, concise, meaning-filled poetry, musical without being sing-song, and regular without being pointlessly rigid. Compare thi s to some other poetry of a slightly later poet (Sir Philip Sydney, 1554-1586). Sidney wrote this poem The Countess of Pembrokes Arcadia, purely as entertainment for his sister (the said Countess). While it is unfair to judge across genre lines, and this Arcadia is definitely a pastoral and not an epic (and certainly not a translation of such a revered classical epic as the Aeneid, to boot), note the difference in style and meter. Feed on my sheep, my charge, my comfort feed, [even though there is no comma after on, the sense of the lines from the context should be read in modern syntax as Feed on, my sheep rather than Feed on my sheep, which would be inviting the reader to eat the sheep!]With suns approach your pasture fertile grows; 5O only sun, that such a fruit can breed. 5Feed on my sheep, your fair sweet feeding flows, 5Each flower, each herb doth to your service yield; 5O blessed sun, whence all this blessing goes. (Bender 295) 5Even if the subject matter of this poe m is left aside (the poet is talking to a flock of sheep), the difference between the prosody of Surreys Aeneid and these lines of Sidneys is rather marked. The silly alliteration (fertile, fruit, fair, feeding, flows, flower), and direct addressing of the sun O only sun make one think of the mock-poetic antics of the Rude Mechanicals in A Midsummer Nights Dream. There is no ambiguity in the meter, and each line is extremely easily read in a sing-song, nursery rhyme fashion. The meter gives nothing to the subject matter, I believe, in this poem. It is merely a vehicle.Sir Thomas Wyatt, who is now reckoned to be a better poet than Surrey, wrote such lines as this (probably written for musical accompaniment but it still gives an impression of a different approach to poetry):Mistrustful minds be moved 3To have me in suspect [though it could be suspect, the short meter demands suspect] 3The truth of it shall be proved 3Which time shall once detect 3Through falsehood go about 3 Of crime me to accuse 3At length I do not doubt 3But truth shall me excuse 3 (Bender, 124) While this is, without a doubt, a cleverly done piece of poetry, the tripping trimeter dominates and forces the tone, whatever the subject, to be flippant. The subject matter is in fact rather sad the speaker is mistrusted by others. Perhaps it was part of Wyatts cleverness to couch such a sore point in short, silly verses. But the short line and the complete dominance of the stresses and end-stopped lines drain all the seriousness out of this poem. Sir Walter Ralegh, another slightly later poet and a man of action (though longer-lived and, thus, more accomplished) like the soldier-poet Surrey, could write in a similarly light-hearted fashion. The rhymes in this collection of couplets are particularly forceful, and give shape to the whole idea:Conceit begotten by my eyes 4Is quickly born and quickly dies; 4For while it seeks our hearts to have 4Meanwhile there reason makes his gra ve [it should be Meanwhile, but, again, the short and dominant meter forces the unnatural stress] 4For many things the eyes approve 4Which yet the heart doth seldom love. 4 (Bender, 614) This is another example of a solemn subject matter (the title is A Poesy to Prove Affection Is Not Love), but forced into the heavy-beaten rhyming tetrameter all innovation and flexibility is lost. Meanwhile must be read incorrectly. The fact that have/grave and approve/love are near or visual rhymes doesnt detract from the fact that they are, indeed, rhymes. The enjambment is ineffectual, if any was intended, and it is virtually impossible to read this poem as anything other than end-stopped.Surrey wrote lighter verse than his Aeneid, it is true, and didnt confine all his writing to blank verse. An example of this flippant, heavily rhymed style of poetry can be found within his oeuvre. O happy dames, that may embrace 4 The fruit of your delight 3 Help to bewail the woeful case 4 And ek e the heavy plight 3 Of me, that wonted to rejoice [the to is weak and could be read as unstressed or stress. Its probably intended to be stressed, as this is a couplet and it would match the following line, but the ambiguity is nice] 3 or 4 The fortune, of my pleasant choice. [again, here, the of is weak and could be glossed over to be read as unstressed or stressed. Nice match of ambiguity with the preceding line] 3 or 4 Good ladies, help to fill my mourning voice. 5 (Bullett, 123)In this example, Surrey is definitely embracing a regular meter (4, 3, 4, 3, 5, which continues throughout the following five stanzas to finish the poem) but he throws in enough ambiguity in the stresses, and just enough variation (the five-foot line to finish the stanza, as opposed to keeping to 4343 throughout, or even 4444 as Surrey or Sidney might have done) to make it interesting. There is a successful enjambment, too, And eke the heavy plight,/Of me,. By comparison to the simple lines of Sid ney and Wyatt (and I deliberately did choose particularly glaring examples the poems above are by no means representative of all those poets work, but they are typical of it) O happy dames is positively sophisticated. Surreys rhymes rest easily (embrace/case, delight/plight, rejoice/choice/voice) and we do not feel either the silliness of alliteration as in Sidney, or the forced visual rhymes of Ralegh. By comparison, Surreys lines are more flowing and show matter rather than manner (which was perhaps his goal, and not Sidneys or Wyatts or Raleghs, to be fair) as Ridley said of Surreys Aeneid.The difference between these poems of Sidney, Wyatt, Ralegh and the manliness (Poetical Works lxix) of Surreys blank verse translation, and even Surreys rhymed lyrics and sonnets, is rather drastic. It is not only mechanics that changed, when unrhymed verse and well-considered variations to a regular meter were brought into the language with Surreys Aeneid, but the whole tone and mood of po etry was able to change, also. There was not only less of a distance between blank verse and the patterns of common speech, but the distance between the subject matter and the reader lessened, too. There were no longer so many barriers (ruthlessly regular lines, strict patterns of rhyme unrelieved throughout the piece, consistent end-stopping) between what the poet wanted to say and how he or she could express it and how the reader could experience it. And blank verse elevated the tone and mood of poetry, too. I do not think that Surrey would have attempted to English-versify lines like this, if he had had to keep them constantly in rhymed couplets (as Gawin Douglas did in his Scots dialect version of the Aeneid.) Dreedful in arms, charged with seigniorie Shewing in profe his worthy Teucrian race, And under lawes, the whole world to subdue. If glorie of such things nought him enflame: Ne that he listes seke honour by some paine: The towers yet of Rome being his sire Doth he env ie to yong Ascanius? (Ridley, 124)Surreys verses were both revolutionary and widely read. During the period after his death there is convincing proof in the rapidity with which editions were multiplied. They were first printed in June, 1557afterwards preprinted in 1565, in 1567, and in 1569, twice afterwards in 1574, and again in 1585, and again 1587. (Poetical Works lxx) Surreys revolution in English poetry became well known because of its beauty, similarity to the spoken word, gravity of tone, and its flexibility and its many possible applications to other poetry and drama. The proof lies in the longevity and popularity of the style, which has endured from Shakespeare right down to the present day. Works CitedThe Poetical Works of Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard Earl of Surrey with a Memoir of Each. Boston: Houghton, Osgood and Company, 1879. (Memoirs written by Sir Harris Nicolas)Abrams, M. H. A Glossary of Literary Terms. Boston: Thomson Wadsworth, 2005.Bender, Robert M. , ed. Five Courtier Poets of the English Renaissance. New York: Washington Square Press, Inc. 1967.Bullett, Gerald, ed. Silver Poets of the Sixteenth Century. London: J. M. Dent Sons LTD, 1947.Casady, Edwin. Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey. New York: The Modern Language Association of America, 1938. [Electronic Version] Accessed October 18, 2006. .Goodrich, Samuel G. The Famous Men of Ancient Times. Boston: Brown Taggard, 1860. [electronic version] pp 83-94, Perseus Digital Library Project. Ed. Gregory R. Crane. Updated daily. Tufts University. 10/18/06 and 10/21/06 .Ridley, Florence H., ed. The Aeneid of Henry Howard Earl of Surrey. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1963.Schmidt, Michael. Lives of the Poets. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1999.Notes1Publius Vergilius Mara, Roman poet, B.C.E. 70-19, known in English as Virgil, and, more recently, as Vergil. The e was replaced by the i by medieval scholars in order to make his name look and sound more like Virgin (as in t he Virgin Mary, and virgin was considered a holy and flattering term to give a non-Christian, even if it was not literally true), as it was thought that, though a pagan poet, Virgil somehow had prophesied the birth of Christ. In fact, the poet had received the information from the Roman Sibylline Oracles, which had learned that the Jews had proclaimed that a child would be born who would be savior of the world. Virgil, viewing this prophecy with the vivid imagination of a poet, and willing to flatter the ambition of his patron, composed his celebrated eclogue, entitled Pollio, in which he supposes the child, who was thus to unite mankind and restore the golden age, to be the offspring of Octavia, wife of Antony, and half sister to Augustus (Goodrich, 89). From this collection of errors and misunderstandings, the name Virgil rather than Vergil has become the common usage, and that is how I will refer to him in this paper.2 Books II and IV were published in the first appearances of Surreys translation, respectively, in Totels Miscellany, dated 1557 (posthumous), and an undated but probably close-in-time version of Book IV by John Day in London. (Ridley, 5) Neither of these have any claim to being authoritative, and there is no manuscript that is known to be in Surreys hand (though there is the Hargrave MS 205, at the British Museum, but it is unsigned and undated and there isnt any evidence that it is a copy in Surreys hand, or even a copy that was made during his lifetime by someone else, with or without his knowledge, [Ridley 5]). There is no reason to believe that any more of the epic of Virgil was translated by Surrey, but there is also no extant manuscript or contemporary reference to refute it, either. The Earl may well have translated more, or the entirety, of the Aeneid, and only these fragments survived. There is no evidence either way. 3The Earl of Surrey was a courtesy title. Henry Howard was the son of the Duke and Duchess of Norfolk. In England the eldest sons of high-ranking peers (Dukes, Marquesses, and Earls) are given the secondary title of their father during the fathers lifetime. He was not a peer of the realm, though he did hold the military, rather than peerage, title of Earl Marshall in his own right. Since he was executed before his fathers death, he never possessed a coronet in his own right (Casady, 21). Technically he was My Lord of Surrey only by courtesy, and in correct official or legal usage would have been referred to simply as Henry Howard, and he therefore was tried before a common jury rather than in the House of Lords, as his father would have been, for his imprisonment and eventual execution. The rules of English nobility and titles are very strict and arcane, as is illustrated by the fact of the trumped-up charge of the Earls alleged illegal bearing of certain heraldic arms (as a shield, no doubt, for Henrys political motivations) was the means by which Henry VIII was able to end this y oung mans life (Poetical Works, lvii).4Florence Ridleys Introduction to Surreys translation (Ridley, 1-46) makes the well-founded claim that much of the living language of translation of the Aeneid was borrowed from Gawin Douglass Eneados. She notes on each page of Surreys text the similarities between it and the language chosen by Douglas. It is not my intention in this paper to compare Douglas and Surreys work, but rather to focus on the effect of the English verses that Surrey wrote, and to compare them to other poetry of his time. The fact that some of the phrases Surrey used may have been lifted from Douglas Scots rhyming couplets does not, in my opinion, detract from their beauty or value. Ridley concedes that Surrey was many times more accurate in his translation of the Latin, and followed more the spirit of compression of Virgil, but she maintains that Douglas was better able to translate the true feeling and meaning of Virgil. Not having read the Scots version entirely , or translated any but a few words of the Latin, I make no such claim in agreement or disagreement. I treat Surreys translation as an independent work of art within the confines of this paper, as it was probably experienced as such by the majority of its readers in sixteenth-century England.

Consumer Bebaviour on Wrist Watch with Respect to College...

CONSUMER BUYING BEHAVIOUR OF WRIST WATCHES WITH RESPECT TO COLLEGE STUDENTS CHAPTER: 1 1.0 INTRODUCTION: Wrist watches form an integral part of the personality of individuals in the present era. Earlier seen as a luxury item, they are now witnessing a fundamental change in perception, and are now gaining respect as an essential utility item. For the watch industry, time seems in its favour what with the liberalization of the Indian market coupled with the rising purchasing power of the young and consumerist Indians. Indian watches market was for long dominated by public sector organisations like Hindustan Machine Tools Ltd. (HMT). But now it is being dominated by private sector enterprise like Fast track, Titan, Sonata, Rolex, Timex,†¦show more content†¦1.5 LIMITATIONS OF THE PROJECT: * Only college students were chosen. * Primary data is limited to questionnaire. * Some of the respondents being rarely interested gave some rough ideas for the sake of answering. * Due to paucity of time it was impossible to know the interest of large number. * Questionnaire understanding. CHAPTER : 2 2.0 REVIEW OF LITERATURE: 2.1 IN DETAIL ABOUT INDUSTRY: India is an under penetrated market for watches. Only 27% of Indians own a watch. Total estimated volume as per 2008 is 44 million units and value of Rs 2700 crores. Vast proportion of Indaian market is below Rs 500 by about 68%. The market share of Indian watch industry 2009 market has been split into: * Low end * Mass market * Premium and luxury brands 50 million wrist watches are sold in India every year. Notwithstanding the presence of global players and the opening up of the market, the Indian market has always been dominated by a single player. In the past, till the late 80’s in the mechanical era, HMT dominated the market. And after that it has again been the domination of a single congrats, Titan had almost 65% market share of the organized watch market in the country. The organized watch market itself is estimated at 35% of the total industry size. In value terms, the size of the organized market is estimated at around Rs 1500 crores, which means that the average price of watches sold even today is less than Rs 1000. 2.2 WATCH

The Economy Of Lebanon Is A Developing Economy - 1986 Words

The economy of Lebanon is a developing economy, with a private sector that contributes to 75% of aggregate demand and a large banking sector that supports this demand. The IMF forecast a growth of 7% for Lebanon s real GDP in 2010 and 2011 following 9% growth in 2009 and 8.5% in 2008. It has the 54th richest GDP per capita in the world, and it is forecasted that Lebanon s GDP per capita will reach 20,000 by 2015, making it one of the strongest economies in the region. However, the Lebanese economy was badly affected by the Syrian civil war. The institute of international finance forecasted a GDP growth of 0.7% for 2013. The major industrial sectors include metal products, banking, agriculture, chemicals, and transport equipment. Lebanon has a competitive and free market regime and a strong laissez-faire commercial tradition. The Lebanese economy is service-oriented; main growth sectors include banking and tourism. There are no restrictions on foreign exchange or capital movement. 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Essay on Impact of Store Promotional Strategy at Bargain Booze

Question: Write an essay on Impact Of In Store Promotional Strategy At Bargain Booze On Increased Additional Sales. Answer: Introduction: The promotional strategy within the business corporate refers to the promotion of the business plan towards the customers in the competitive market. The implementation of the marketing strategy helps in the organizational success and further helps in increasing the loyalty of the customers towards the business. The promotional strategy also might get affected through certain factors which include the environment, political, technological, economical aspects of the society. This further affects the marketing strategy which consequently affects the productivity of the business corporate as well. The marketing strategy within the business corporate thus includes various forms of promotions like advertise, personal selling, in-store holdings, bulletins which further helps in the organizational business as well. The promotional strategy at Bargain Booze thus attracts more loyal customers which further help the business to improve the productivity of the business. The Bargain Booze in the United Kingdom further provides quality service towards the customers that adds value towards the brand name of the organization. Background of the Study: The Bargain booze is a chain of off-license stores that helps the people of United Kingdom to purchase goods with varied type of items as well (Wilson et al, 2012).This help the business corporate to retain customers more towards the organization and helps in increasing the profit rate of the business as well. The bargain booze also provides wholesale products to the customers which satisfies the needs of people. The organization need to produce in accordance to the need of the standard of the society comprising of varied cultural diversity as well. The promotional strategy of Bargain Booze helps in attracting more customers by providing various amounts of discounts and thereby helps the business corporate to gain competitive advantages as well. This also helps the business to improve their profitability rate and also helps in increasing their sales. Thus, the business gains sustainability in the competitive market as a whole. Statement and Significance of the Problem: The problem faced by the corporate business needs to be analyzed effectively which further helps in the development of the satisfaction rate of the customers. The problem statement once analyzed helps the business organization to attract more customers towards the organizational products. The promotional strategy also might get affected by several factors which might further affect the profit rate of the business as a whole (Gordon, 2012). The problem statement also needs to be evaluated which further helps in the motivation of the customers and helps in increasing the sales rate of the business as a whole. One of the significant challenges faced by Bargain booze is by Aldi organization due to a cheeky advertisement and promotional strategy which led the business to the High Court appeal (Huang Sarigll, 2012). Thus, it led the business to suffer a setback and a need to promote the business in accordance to the need of the customers to retain its position in the market as a whole. Research Rationale: The research rationale is regarded as the most important factor within the business organization to analyze the market condition as well. The Bargain Booze thus need to face certain issues to attract more customers towards the organization and also helps in improving the sales rate as well (Navarro, 2012). Therefore, the challenges need to be evaluated which further helps in improving the productivity rate of the business. The rationale thus helps to determine the problems and challenges faced by the organization which further affect the customer satisfaction rate. This led the business corporate towards lowering the customer data and also may affect the sales rate of the business in the competitive market. Research Aims: The first and foremost aim of the research is to analyze the promotional strategy within the workplace. The various effective promotional strategies also include advertisement, campaigning, holdings, positive word of mouth, and online sites which further help the business to attract more loyal customers towards the organization as a whole. The business thus aims towards the positive response of the employees which further helps in adding value to the brand name of the business corporate as well. Customer satisfaction also helps in the development of the business and helps in gaining sustainability (Wilson et al, 2012). The research also aims towards implementation of various promotional strategies that will help in attracting customers more towards Bargain booze and help in retaining its position in the market. The various promotional strategies also help the products of the business to get exposure in the market and thus help in analyzing the market condition as well. The aim of the research is also to provide the products as per the need of the customers and thereby achieve competitive advantage as well. Research Objectives: The research objectives of the business also help to provide the best service to the customers and thus lead the corporate business towards development in the market as a whole (Gordon, 2012). Thus, the research objectives are stated briefly as below: To determine the key factors regarding the promotional strategy of Bargain Booze. To determine the effective marketing strategy that helps in the improvement of the productivity rate of Bargain Booze. To determine the factors that affects the promotion of the business in the market. To determine the effective promotional strategy that also helps in improving the sales rate of the organization. Research Questions: The research question helps to determine the various factors and strategies that help in the improvement of the customer data which further leads the business towards the competitive market. Thus, the research questions are stated as below: What are the key factors regarding the promotional strategy? What are the effective marketing strategies towards increased productivity? What are the factors responsible for affecting the promotion of the business? What is the promotional strategy that helps in increasing the sales rate of the business? Literature review: In-store promotion refers to promotion or marketing of a product with in the store that means at the location of retailer, with product bundles, advice of expert, demonstration of product, showing product samples, discounts on particular brand or particular product (Hansen et al., 2015). In-store promotion helps to raise awareness among the customers about the product and its brand. In-store promotion is a part of marketing mix. Marketing mix consists of four Ps: price, product, promotion and place. There are various kinds of promotions such as personal selling, sales promotion, advertising, publicity and direct marketing; altogether, this is called promotional mix. Purpose of promotion: The main purpose of promotion is to increase sales as this in turn increases revenue. In-store promotion can increase the demand of the product as this creates awareness among the customers. Promotion is integrated with product acceptance, increasing sales and profit. Discussion: Through the process of marketing, a firm can create a very strong customer base. Every firm has some marketing plans and by executing the marketing plans a firm can achieve the heights of success. Growth of a firm depends on the revenue which is generated by the firm. Marketing plans helps to cater new customers (Wilson et al., 2012). Advantage of marketing: The foremost advantage of marketing is promotion of business (Zikmund et al., 2012). It gets recognized all over and gets attention from large number customers. There are several channels to promote a brand such as printing through magazine and newspaper and, through media like television, radio phones, and through social media sites, social ecommerce sites. Print advertising helps to address those specific customers who are not able to access online stuffs (Gordon, 2012). A company promotes its product with the help of marketing mix strategy. This marketing mix contains four Ps such as price, product, place and promotion and, it has four different dimensions (Navarro, 2012). Price is the value of the product. Place refers to the potential area where profit is maximized. It is a prior objective of a firm to identify the appropriate location for the business, where it is easy to catch the eyes of customer. All the factors of marketing mix go hand in hand, assimilating all the factors make up business plan which helps business to get the growth (Huang Sarigll, 2012). One key aspect of marketing mix is the promotional mix. It includes promotional tools such as public relations, advertising, personal selling and promotion of sales (Niazi et al, 2012). Advertisement is the most important and common element in a promotional mix. Campaigning through the advertisement reaches to huge number of consumers. Channels of advertisement are television, newspaper, radio and internet. Public relation refers to maintaining good public relations with the people. It creates good will about the company. The idea of public is very large as it includes not only customers but also shareholders and suppliers. A firm can be successful with the joint operation of all partners at all levels. By personal selling one can mean face to face interaction among the buyers and sellers. Personal selling improves the relation between buyers and sellers. Most important dimension of product mix is sales promotion. It refers to the promotional activities offered to the customers that help to persuade consumers to buy the product. It helps to eliminate competition with the brands (Fernandes et al, 2012). Bargain booze is an off-license convenience chain of stores in the UK for those who want to bargain and consume alcohols and beverages. There are plenty of ways to market a product as discussed above. Bargain booze has effectively followed the marketing strategies in the promotion of its products and it has gained the pace to achieve the success. Marketing Mix 4Ps: The marketing mix 4Ps is one theoretical model that helps to establish the promotional strategy by an organization for improving their performance. The marketing mix is a set of four aspects, which is considered significantly before launching a new product. These four variables help a company to take right strategic decisions (Brooks Simkin, 2012). Product- Product is the initial variable, in marketing mix. Thus, the decision of product is the initial decision, which should be taken before making a marketing plan. Based on three parts, core product, tertiary product and augmented product. Unless the product features fit in the marketing mix, the strategy might not gain benefits (Dibb, 2012). Pricing- Pricing is one of the most important variables constantly updated. The pricing of a product is dependent on the product costing, expenses in advertising and marketing, competition and price fluctuation in market and distribution cost. Another factor of consideration is the competition in market. If the price of a product is increased based on the situation, the marketers have to revise the price of the product by implementing a suitable pricing strategy (Glynn Woodside, 2012). Figure 1: Marketing Mix 4Ps model (Source: Gordon, 2012) Place- Place is also an important aspect in marketing planning of a product which is being launched in the market. Therefore, before taking the decision of launching a product and deciding its distribution, the company should have a fully prepared logistics and plan of supply chain for the product distribution (Kotler Keller, 2012). The place plays an important role in determining the market strategy and helps in the development of the organization as a whole. Promotion: In the marketing mix, promotion includes the integrated marketing communication involving the above the line and below the line advertising and sales promotion. The factors which are considered in promotion of a product include the brand awareness, product life cycle stage, budget for the marketing or advertising processes (Murynets, 2012). Conclusion: From the above discussion, one can conclude that marketing of a product is crucial aspect in order to gain success. There are many channels to promote the products and Bargain booze has adopted all the possible ways to improve its services and products to the customers. Its focus is to acquire large number of customer with quality products and bargain booze has achieved it successfully, and thus become one of the prime business chains in United Kingdom. Research Methodology: Introduction: This section discusses the methodology that has been used in the study. The section prescribes the various steps that help in the data representation. The paper also describes the parameters that are required for the research as a whole. The research methodology thus helps in the critical analysis and evaluation of the research process and helps in the research work as well. The entire research also helps in the process of implementation of various strategies and data collection that further helps in the analysis of the problem statement that has been already specified in the first chapter of the research process. This section thus introduces to different methods and approaches that help the researcher in the research work. The various approaches and methods help in the data collection process which further helps in the sampling method as well. The paper also introduces the probability and non-probability method that helps in the analysis which further helps in conducting the methodo logy as well. This helps the researcher in collecting the sample method and thus helps in the research process as a whole. Method Outline: The research outline of the business helps in aiming towards various areas of a portfolio that further helps in the improvement of the research process as well. The research process thus implements positivism philosophy, deductive approach, descriptive research design which is combined with the primary data collection that has already been selected by the researcher. The research process thus includes both the qualitative and quantitative methods to carry out the research process successfully. The research outline also includes the methods that help in the data collection as well. The various methods and approaches thus help in the research method and helps in the primary data collection as well. Research Onion: Figure 2: Research Onion (Source: Saunders et al., 2009, p-52) Research Philosophy: The research process thus includes the research philosophy which includes positivism that further helps in the analyzing the market condition. The philosophy also helps in identifying the challenges that have been faced by the business as well. The research work implements effective research philosophy that helps in determining the real facts of the research data as well. The various parameters that are responsible for the promotional strategy further help the researcher to analyze the methods and thus help in carrying out the research effectively. There are three types of research philosophies used in the researches. These include positivism, interpretivism and realism. The positivism philosophy supports primary research. It helps to analyze the empirical data collected through the primary data collection methods with the pre-existing theories related to the research topic. On the other hand, the interpretivism philosophy depicts that the research topic and related consequences can influence the concept of researcher. In contrast, the realism theory deals only with real situations. Here the positivism philosophy has been selected because it is an primary study and the data collected would be analyzed with the pre-existing theories discussed in the literature review chapter. Research Approach: The research approach also helps in the research process by implementing two kinds of processes namely, inductive as well as deductive approach. This helps the researcher in carrying out the research process accurately and efficiently. The inductive and deductive, both research approaches are used in researches for directing the research process. The deductive approach is supportive to the primary studies, in the case of deductive research approach; initially a research hypothesis is being established and the empirical data are analyzed with the pre-existing theories. Then finally, the findings are analyzed with the suitability of the hypothesis. In contrast, the inductive approach depicts that the data collected should be analyzed first with the help of peripheral information. After getting the findings, a research hypothesis is established. Thus, it is supported by the secondary research methods. Here, the deductive research approach has been selected, as it is a primary study and there is no scope for investigating new research hypothesis on the research topic. Research Design: The research design helps the researcher with the findings from the data collection and further helps in the study and conclusion as well. There are three types of research design which are used in different kinds of research studies. The research studies mainly use the exploratory, explanatory and descriptive research designs. The exploratory research designs are used when there is less knowledge about the research topic. This design helps to gain peripheral knowledge. In contrast, the explanatory research design helps to establish a cause effect relationship within the research variables. The descriptive research design helps to explore all the research aspects in a descriptive manner. It also supports the use of both quantitative and qualitative data collection method simultaneously. In this research, the descriptive research design has been selected because it supports the primary data collection methods. In addition, it will help to enhance the efficiency of the study by in-depth analysis. Data Collection Process: The data collection process includes both the primary and the secondary data which helps the researcher to carry out the researcher work more accurately. The data also includes the non- probability survey which includes the question and answer of the customers that helps the business to identify the satisfaction level of the customers as well. This also helps the researcher to analyze the need of the customers. The data collection process helps in the interview of the managers of the organization which further helps in the data collection process as well. The data collection process also helps in the research process which helps in obtaining the result accurately as a whole. The data collection process thus helps in the survey process which helps in both the primary and the secondary data collection as well. The data collection process further helps the researcher to conduct the research process efficiently and effectively as well. Sampling Method: The sampling method also includes the probability sampling and non-probability sampling which helps the researcher to carry out the research process as a whole. The researcher uses data collection to carry out the non-probability research process as a whole. The sampling method thus helps in the carrying out the data process which further helps in the research method as well. The probability and the non probability sampling thus helps the researcher in efficiently implement the data which consequently provides apt result for the research work. The sampling method also includes the various methods that further helps in calculating the research result and helps in providing appropriate consequences to the research work as well. Sample Size: The sample size used by the researcher helps in collecting the data in order to carry out the research process. The sample size of the research process includes 75 customers that provide response towards the service of the organization as a whole. The researcher thus includes interview of 5 managers for the purpose of the qualitative data collection process. The sample size of the data helps the researcher to carry out the research process which helps in carrying out the research work accurately. The sample size also helps in collecting the response of the customers and the managers who help in the collection process as a whole. Thus, the sampling size helps the researcher to conduct the research process effectively and efficiently as well. Research Method: In this research method, the researcher has adopted qualitative data research which further helps in the research process. The qualitative research includes the interview of the customers. The research also includes the quantitative methods by interviewing the managers of the organization as well. The sample size includes the no. of employees or customers that are taken for distributing the questionnaire which helps the researcher to carry out the research process as well. The sample size also includes the no. of managers of the organization who need to be interviewed by the researcher to carry the research work more accurately. Ethical consideration: The researcher follows certain ethical considerations which help in maintaining the ethical guidelines of the research process. The data protection as well as the other legal framework also needs to be maintained to carry out the research work with ethical considerations. The research process would be followed by the Data protection act 1998. In addition, the ethical consideration would be done in every aspects of the research. In addition, the other legal processes would be maintained regarding clients confidentiality and permission from the organization where the research is being conducted. The research would be conducted in an authentic and ethical way. The participants would be provided with full freedom to participate in the research process, no one would be forced to participate in the research work. The personal information of the participants would be kept confidential and would not be used in any other purposes. The research ethics would be followed in every aspect while collecting primary and secondary data. The data would be collected from the authenticated and valid sources. All the references for the secondary resources would be mentioned properly for ensuring the transparency of work. Limitation of the Study: The limitations of the study also include certain limitations that might stand as a constraint for the researcher to carry out the research process. The limitations may include time consumption and the funding factor which may stand as a limitation for acquiring the primary and secondary data in this regard. The confidentiality of the organization also needs to be maintained by the researcher in order to carry out the research work efficiently. The limitation of the study also maintains the confidentiality of the research work which further helps in carrying the research work as well. The limitation of the study also includes the time management of the researcher. Time may sometimes restricts the researcher from further study which stands as a constraint for the research work as a whole. The limitations also restrict the researcher from providing the accurate the result in order to maintain the privacy of the company which again stands as a challenge for the researcher in conducting the research work. The limitation thus plays a vital role in the research work. Thus, the limitations help the research work also to maintain the ethical considerations which help in research process as well. Reliability and Validity data: The research process needs to carry out the research process with reliable data which helps in providing accurate data by the research work. The validity of the data also helps in comprising the accuracy of the research work and further helps the researcher in carrying the research work efficiently. This further helps in the research work and helps in the improvement of the data collection a well. The reliability also helps in the research process which further helps the researcher to maintain confidentiality as well. Timescale: Task Name Duration Start Finish Predecessors Research proposal for promotional strategies of Bargain Booze for increasing sales 132 days Wed 15/6/16 Thu 15/12/16 Identifying the research topic 12 days Wed 15/6/16 Thu 30/6/16 Selecting the appropriate topic for the research proposal 10 days Wed 15/6/16 Tue 28/6/16 Finalizing the topic 2 days Wed 29/6/16 Thu 30/6/16 3 Literature review 40 days Fri 1/7/16 Thu 25/8/16 Reviewing the views and opinions of the researchers 1 month Fri 1/7/16 Thu 28/7/16 4 Summarizing the views related to the research literature 20 days Fri 29/7/16 Thu 25/8/16 6 Research methodology 20 days Fri 26/8/16 Thu22/9/16 Identification of the appropriate methods related to the research process 10 days Fri 26/8/16 Thu 8/9/16 7 Implementation of the suitable research methods 10 days Fri 9/9/16 Thu 22/9/16 9 Data collection and analysis 40 days Fri 23/9/16 Thu 17/11/16 Implementing appropriate data collection method 10 days Fri 23/9/16 Thu 6/10/16 10 Acquiring useful information related to the research topic 10 days Fri 7/10/16 Thu 20/10/16 12 implementing appropriate methods for analyzing the data 10 days Fri 21/10/16 Thu 3/11/16 13 Summarizing the findings of the data analysis process 10 days Fri 4/11/16 Thu 17/11/16 14 Final submission 1 month Fri 18/11/16 Thu 15/12/16 15 Reference List: Aaker, D. 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